Unfortunately, it doesn't look like the EU will actually be able to put any meaningful guardrails on AI, as evidenced by the AI act. I honestly don't know whether it's an off-the-scales level of incompentence or just blatant corruption (I vote both), but in any event, I think AI regulation has already failed, somewhat irreversably.

I’m more optimistic. I see there being iterations developed in conjunction with industry. It will sooner or later become strongly enforced and then to whatever extent it provides guardrails will be down to provisions in the act, plus interpretation.