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Margins require a competitive edge. If productivity gains are spread throughout a competitive industry, margins will not get bigger; prices will go down.




That feels optimistic. This kind of naive free market ideology seems to rarely manifest in lower prices.

Every competitive industry has tiny margins. High margin business exists because of lack of competition.

I think there are plenty of counter examples.

Every rule has exceptions. Usually its because of some quirk of the market. The most obvious example is adtech, which is able to sustain massive margins because the consumers get the product for free so see no reason to switch and the advertisers are forced to follow the consumers. Tech in general has high margins but I expect them to fall as the offerings mature. Companies will always try to lock in their users like aws/oracle do but thats just a sign of an uncompetitive market imo.

That's because free markets don't always result in competitive industries.

Then maybe you've never worked in a competitive industry. I have. Margins were very small.

I’ve certainly spent time in the marketplace buying or not buying products.



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