Good stuff, thanks for the links. Especially Felton's course page has several good references that were new to me. Ellen Lupton's Thinking with Type [1] seems a fun read. Great designs also on the competition page [2].
I would actually spend the money to buy Thinking with Type, if you're really serious about learning typography. Having the tree version lets you get really up close and personal with the various types, and it's easy to flip between pages to compare letterforms, etc. Another one to check out is Elements of Typographic Style [1].
[1] http://thinkingwithtype.com/
[2] http://www.perceptualedge.com/blog/?p=1374