The same computer and hardware runs both Linux and Mac OS without issues, so if it's some other piece of hardware, Windows is the only one choking on it. And it only manifests when the Microsoft keyboard is plugged in.
So yeah. Sure, possibly it is some other piece of hardware in combination that is exposing brokenness in the MS USB drivers. But that doesn't change the fact that the software is the problem here.
Well the problem is the driver and likely Linux and MacOS are treating the keyboard as a generic device. Have you tried forcing windows to use a generic drive for the keyboard?
So yeah. Sure, possibly it is some other piece of hardware in combination that is exposing brokenness in the MS USB drivers. But that doesn't change the fact that the software is the problem here.